Resiliencia y ciudad neoliberal: una genealogía sobre América Latina
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¿Por qué usamos el término resiliencia y cuáles son las implicaciones de ese uso para el espacio urbano?, con base en tal interrogante se desarrolla la reflexión del presente artículo. El propósito con este texto es ilustrar, de forma dialéctica, la manera en que se ha utilizado la resiliencia en las estrategias neoliberales de transformación urbana, puesto que ha sido instrumentalizada a fin de normalizar los diversos espacios de las ciudades. Para responder a la pregunta se empleó el análisis documental como metodología de investigación. Entre los principales resultados a los que se llegó con el estudio en que se basa este artículo, sobresalen dos aspectos hasta ahora no investigados sobre la resiliencia urbana. Primero, que el uso del término presenta las características típicas de los conceptos performativos, con el poder que ese tipo de nociones tiene para reducir su objeto a una narración hegemonizante y repetitiva –en este caso, lo urbano y su construcción–. Segundo, en línea con las teorías críticas del urbanismo y a través de un análisis genealógico de inspiración foucaultiana, aplicado al uso instrumental de la resiliencia, se demuestra cómo esta se ha convertido en una noción funcional al proyecto neoliberal, que ha dominado los procesos de cambio en las urbes de América Latina durante el siglo XXI.
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